一、樓承板

1、 Floor support plate

樓承板又稱鋼承板、建筑壓型鋼板，采用鍍鋅鋼板經(jīng)輥壓冷彎成型，其截面成V型、U型、梯形或類似這幾種形狀的波形，主要用作永久性模板，也可被選為其他用途。

Building support plate, also known as steel support plate or building profiled steel plate, is formed by rolling and cold bending galvanized steel plate. Its cross-section is V-shaped, U-shaped, trapezoidal or similar waveforms, mainly used as permanent formwork, and can also be selected for other purposes.

在使用階段樓承板作為混凝土樓板的受拉鋼筋，也提高了樓板的剛度，節(jié)省了鋼筋和混凝土的用量。

During the usage stage, the floor support plate serves as the tensile steel bar for the concrete floor slab, which also improves the stiffness of the floor slab and saves the amount of steel and concrete used.

壓型板表面壓紋使樓承板與混凝土之間產(chǎn)生大的結(jié)合力，使二者形成整體，配以加勁肋，使樓承板系統(tǒng)具有高強承載力。

The surface embossing of the profiled panel creates a large bonding force between the floor slab and the concrete, forming a whole between the two. Combined with stiffeners, the floor slab system has high-strength bearing capacity.

壓型鋼板組合板(樓承板,鋼承板)是一種十分合理的結(jié)構形式，它能夠按其各組成部件所處的位置和特點，充分發(fā)揮鋼材抗拉和混凝土抗壓性能好的優(yōu)點，并具有良好的抗震性能、施工性能。這種結(jié)構目前被廣泛應用于國內(nèi)外多高層建筑中。

The combination plate of profiled steel plates (floor support plate, steel support plate) is a very reasonable structural form. It can fully utilize the advantages of good tensile and compressive properties of steel and concrete according to the position and characteristics of its constituent components, and has good seismic and construction performance. This structure is currently widely used in multi story and high-rise buildings both domestically and internationally.

樓承板和普通鋼筋混凝土樓板對比：

Comparison between floor slab and ordinary reinforced concrete floor slab:

1. 樓承板可作為現(xiàn)澆混凝土的永久模版，省掉了施工中安裝和拆除模板的工序；

1. The floor slab can serve as a permanent template for cast-in-place concrete, eliminating the process of installing and removing templates during construction;

2. 樓承板安裝好之后可以作為施工平臺使用，同時由于不必使用臨時支撐，也不影響下一層施工平面的工作；

2. After the installation of the floor support plate, it can be used as a construction platform. At the same time, it does not require temporary support and does not affect the work of the next floor construction plan;

3. 樓承板可作為樓板的底筋使用，減少了安裝板筋的工作量；

3. The floor support plate can be used as the bottom reinforcement of the floor slab, reducing the workload of installing plate reinforcement;

4. 根據(jù)壓型板剛才的不同界面形狀，多可以減少30%的樓板混凝土用量，減少樓板自重又可以相應的減少梁、柱和基礎的尺寸，提高了結(jié)構的整體性能；

4. According to the different interface shapes of the compression plate, the amount of concrete used in the floor slab can be reduced by 30%, reducing the self weight of the floor slab and correspondingly reducing the size of beams, columns, and foundations, thereby improving the overall performance of the structure;

二、工型鋼

2、 I-shaped steel

工型鋼稱鋼梁，是截面為工字形的長條鋼材。其規(guī)格以腰高（h）*腿寬（b）*腰厚（d）的毫米數(shù)表示，如“工160*88*6”，即表示腰高160毫米，腿寬88毫米，腰厚6毫米的工型鋼。工字鋼分普通工字鋼、輕型工字鋼和H型鋼三種。

I-shaped steel, also known as steel beams, is a long strip of steel with an I-shaped cross-section. Its specifications are expressed in millimeters of waist height (h) * leg width (b) * waist thickness (d). For example, "I 160 * 88 * 6" represents an I-shaped steel with a waist height of 160 millimeters, leg width of 88 millimeters, and waist thickness of 6 millimeters. I-beams are divided into three types: ordinary I-beams, light I-beams, and H-beams.

普通工型鋼和輕型工型鋼的翼緣由根部向邊上逐漸變薄的，有一定角度。由于它們截面尺寸相對較高、較窄，故對截面兩個主袖的慣性矩相差較大，因此，一般僅用于在腹板平面內(nèi)受彎的構件或?qū)⑵浣M成格構式受力構件。對軸心受壓構件或在垂直于腹板平面還有彎曲的構件均不采用，這是其在應用范圍上有著很大的局限。

The flange of ordinary and lightweight I-beams gradually becomes thinner from the root to the edge, with a certain angle. Due to their relatively high and narrow cross-sectional dimensions, there is a significant difference in the moment of inertia between the two main sleeves of the cross-section. Therefore, they are generally only used for components that are bent in the plane of the web or to form a lattice load-bearing component. It is not used for axially compressed components or components with bending perpendicular to the web plane, which has significant limitations in its application range.

工字鋼廣泛用于各種建筑結(jié)構、橋梁、車輛、支架、機械等。

I-beams are widely used in various building structures, bridges, vehicles, brackets, machinery, etc.

三、C型鋼

3、 C-shaped steel

經(jīng)熱卷板冷彎加工，由C型鋼成型機自動加工而成的。壁薄自重輕，截面性能優(yōu)良，強度高，與傳統(tǒng)槽鋼相比，同等強度可節(jié)約材料30%。

It is processed by hot rolling and cold bending, and is automatically processed by a C-shaped steel forming machine. The wall is thin and lightweight, with excellent cross-sectional performance and high strength. Compared with traditional channel steel, the same strength can save materials by 30%.

C型鋼檁條按高度不同分為80、100、120、140、160五種規(guī)格，長度可以根據(jù)工程設計而確定，但考慮到運輸和安裝等條件，全長一般不超過12米。

C-shaped steel purlins are divided into five specifications based on their height: 80, 100, 120, 140, and 160. The length can be determined according to the engineering design, but considering transportation and installation conditions, the total length generally does not exceed 12 meters.

C型鋼廣泛應用于鋼結(jié)構建筑的檁條，墻梁，也可自行組合成輕量型屋架、托架等建筑構件。此外，還可用于機械輕工制造中的柱、梁和臂等。

C-shaped steel is widely used in purlins, wall beams, and can also be assembled into lightweight building components such as roof trusses and brackets. In addition, it can also be used for columns, beams, and arms in mechanical light industry manufacturing.

四、H型鋼

4、 H-shaped steel

是由工字型鋼優(yōu)化發(fā)展而成的一種斷面力學性能更為優(yōu)良的經(jīng)濟型斷面鋼材尤其斷面與英文字母“H”相同而得名。H型鋼分為、寬翼緣型鋼（HW）、中翼緣H型鋼(HM)、窄翼緣H型鋼（HN）、薄壁H鋼（HT）、H型鋼（HU）。

It is an economical section steel with better mechanical properties developed from optimized I-shaped steel, especially named after the same section as the English letter "H". H-shaped steel is divided into wide flange steel (HW), medium flange H-shaped steel (HM), narrow flange H-shaped steel (HN), thin-walled H-shaped steel (HT), and H-shaped steel (HU).

H型鋼是一種新型經(jīng)濟建筑用鋼。H型鋼截面形狀經(jīng)濟合理，力學性能好，軋制時截面上各點延伸較均勻、內(nèi)應力小，與普通工字鋼比較，具有截面模數(shù)大、重量輕、節(jié)省金屬的優(yōu)點，可使建筑結(jié)構減輕30-40%；又因其腿內(nèi)外側(cè)平行，腿端是直角，拼裝組合成構件，可節(jié)約焊接、鉚接工作量達25%。常用于承載能力大、截面穩(wěn)定性好的大型建筑中的支架、基礎樁等。

H-shaped steel is a new type of economic building steel. The cross-sectional shape of H-shaped steel is economically reasonable, with good mechanical properties. During rolling, the extension of each point on the section is relatively uniform and the internal stress is small. Compared with ordinary I-shaped steel, it has the advantages of large cross-sectional modulus, light weight, and metal saving, which can reduce the weight of building structures by 30-40%; Due to the parallel inner and outer sides of its legs and the right angled leg ends, it can be assembled into components, saving up to 25% of welding and riveting work. Commonly used as brackets, foundation piles, etc. in large buildings with high load-bearing capacity and good cross-sectional stability.

H型鋼的優(yōu)點：

Advantages of H-shaped steel:

翼緣寬，側(cè)向剛度大。抗彎能力強。

Wide wing edge and high lateral stiffness. Strong bending resistance.

翼緣兩表面相互平行使得連接、加工、安裝簡便。

The two surfaces of the wing edge are parallel to each other, making connection, processing, and installation simple.

與焊攝工字鋼相比，成本低，精度高，殘余應力小，無需昂貴的焊接材料和焊縫檢測，節(jié)約鋼結(jié)構制作成本30%左右。

Compared with welded I-beams, it has low cost, high accuracy, low residual stress, no need for expensive welding materials and weld seam testing, and saves about 30% of steel structure production costs.

相同截面負荷下．熱軋H鋼結(jié)構比傳統(tǒng)鋼結(jié)構重量減輕15%-20%

Under the same cross-sectional load, hot-rolled H-steel structures reduce weight by 15% -20% compared to traditional steel structures

與砼（tong）結(jié)構相比，熱軋H鋼結(jié)構可增大6%的使用面積，而結(jié)構自重減輕20%一30%，減少結(jié)構設計內(nèi)力。

Compared with concrete structures, hot-rolled H-steel structures can increase their usage area by 6%, while reducing their self weight by 20-30% and reducing the internal forces in the structural design.

H型鋼可加工成T型鋼，蜂窩梁可經(jīng)組合形成各種截面形式，極大滿足工程設計與制作需求。

H-shaped steel can be processed into T-shaped steel, and honeycomb beams can be combined to form various cross-sectional forms, greatly meeting the needs of engineering design and production.

五、工字鋼 HW HM HN H型鋼的區(qū)別

5、 The difference between H-shaped steel HW HM HN H-shaped steel

工字鋼翼緣是變截面靠腹板部厚，外部薄；H型鋼的翼緣是等截面，HW、HM、HN、H是H型鋼的通稱,H型鋼是焊制；HW HM HN是熱軋，HW 是H型鋼高度和翼緣寬度基本相等主要用于鋼筋砼框架結(jié)構柱中鋼芯柱,也稱勁性鋼柱；在鋼結(jié)構中主要用于柱。

The flange of I-beam is a variable cross-section with a thicker web plate and a thinner outer surface; The flange of H-shaped steel is of equal cross-section, and HW, HM, HN, and H are the general terms for H-shaped steel, which is welded; HW HM HN is hot-rolled, and HW is an H-shaped steel with a height and flange width that are basically equal. It is mainly used for steel core columns in reinforced concrete frame structures, also known as rigid steel columns; Mainly used for columns in steel structures.

HM 是H型鋼高度和翼緣寬度比例大致為1.33~~1.75，主要在鋼結(jié)構中:用做鋼框架柱在承受動力荷載的框架結(jié)構中用做框架梁；例如:設備平臺。

HM is an H-shaped steel with a height to flange width ratio of approximately 1.33 to 1.75, mainly used in steel structures as steel frame columns and as frame beams in frame structures subjected to dynamic loads; For example: device platform.

HN是H型鋼高度和翼緣寬度比例大于等于2，主要用于梁；工字鋼的用用途相當于HN型鋼；

HN is an H-shaped steel with a height to flange width ratio greater than or equal to 2, mainly used for beams; The use of I-shaped steel is equivalent to that of HN shaped steel;